India and its Neighbouring Countries: GK PDF Download
India is a vast and diverse country that occupies the greater part of South Asia. It has a land border of 15,106.7 km and a coastline of 7,516.6 km. It shares its border with nine countries, namely Afghanistan, Pakistan, China, Bhutan, Nepal, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Maldives. Knowing about India's neighbouring countries is an important part of general awareness for various government exams conducted in the country. In this article, we will provide you with a list of India's neighbouring countries with their capitals and border states, along with some interesting facts about each country. You can also download the GK PDF for more details and information.
india and its neighbouring countries gk pdf download
Introduction
The Indian subcontinent is a tectonic plate that was formed by the collision of the Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate. It is located in the southern part of Asia and has a diamond shape on the map. It covers an area of about 4.4 million square kilometers and has a population of about 1.9 billion people. It comprises eight sovereign states: India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Maldives, and Afghanistan.
India is the largest and most populous country in the subcontinent. It is also the second-most populous country in the world after China. It has a rich and diverse culture that reflects its ancient history and multiple religions. It is also a fast-growing economy that has made significant progress in various fields such as science, technology, education, and health.
India shares its border with seven countries by land and two by sea. These are Afghanistan, Pakistan, China, Bhutan, Nepal, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Maldives. Some of these countries have friendly relations with India, while others have disputes and conflicts over various issues such as territory, trade, security, and water resources. Knowing about these countries is essential for anyone who wants to understand India's geopolitical situation and its role in regional and global affairs.
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Moreover, knowing about India's neighbouring countries is also important for aspirants who are preparing for various competitive exams such as SSC MTS, SSC CGL, RRB NTPC, Bank Exams, Insurance Exams, etc. The general awareness section of these exams often includes questions related to India's neighbouring countries such as their capitals, currencies, languages, religions, flags, etc. Therefore, having a good knowledge of these topics can help you score well in these exams.
List of Neighbouring Countries of India with Capitals and Border States
The table given below gives the list of neighbouring countries of India and their capitals along with the Indian states that they share the border with:
Neighbouring Country
Capital
The Indian State/UTs which share Border
Afghanistan
Kabul
Ladakh (PoK)
Bangladesh
Dhaka
West Bengal, Meghalaya, Mizoram,Tripura and Assam
Bhutan
Thimphu
West Bengal,Sikkim,Arunachal Pradesh & Assam
China
Beijing
Ladakh,Himachal Pradesh,Uttarakhand & Sikkim
Maldives
Male
Lakshadweep (by sea)
Myanmar
Naypyidaw
Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur & Mizoram
Nepal
Kathmandu
Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal & Sikkim
Pakistan
Islamabad
Jammu and Kashmir (PoK), Ladakh, Punjab, Rajasthan & Gujarat
Sri Lanka
Colombo
Tamil Nadu & Puducherry (by sea)
The map given below shows the location of India and its neighbouring countries:
Facts about India's Neighbouring Countries
In this section, we will provide you with some brief information and facts about each of India's neighbouring countries. You can also refer to the table given below to see the flags of each country:
Neighbouring Country
Flag
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
China
Maldives
Myanmar
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Afghanistan
Afghanistan is a landlocked country in Central Asia that has a long and turbulent history. It is known for its rugged mountains, arid deserts, and diverse ethnic groups. It has been the site of many invasions, wars, and conflicts, from the ancient Persians and Greeks to the modern British, Soviet, and American forces. It is currently facing a political and security crisis after the withdrawal of the US-led troops and the takeover by the Taliban.
Some facts about Afghanistan are:
It is the only country in the world that has a non-rectangular flag. The flag consists of three vertical stripes of black, red, and green, with the national emblem in the center.
It is one of the oldest civilizations in the world, dating back to at least 3000 BC. It was once part of the Indus Valley Civilization, the Achaemenid Empire, the Mauryan Empire, and the Kushan Empire.
It is home to the world's largest Buddha statues, which were carved into the cliffs of Bamiyan in the 6th century AD. They were destroyed by the Taliban in 2001.
It is one of the poorest countries in the world, with a GDP per capita of $507. It ranks 169th out of 189 countries in the Human Development Index.
It is one of the most linguistically diverse countries in the world, with more than 40 languages spoken. The official languages are Pashto and Dari, which are both Indo-Iranian languages.
Bangladesh
Bangladesh is a densely populated country in South Asia that lies on the delta of the Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers. It is known for its fertile land, rich culture, and vibrant democracy. It was once part of British India and then Pakistan before gaining its independence in 1971 after a bloody war. It is now a developing country that faces challenges such as poverty, corruption, climate change, and human rights violations.
Some facts about Bangladesh are:
It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population of about 164 million people. It has a population density of 1,265 people per square kilometer, which is one of the highest in the world.
It is one of the largest exporters of ready-made garments in the world, accounting for about 80% of its total exports. It is also a major producer of jute, rice, tea, and fish.
It is one of the most disaster-prone countries in the world, due to its low-lying and coastal location. It faces frequent floods, cyclones, landslides, and droughts.
<li It is one of the most culturally diverse countries in the world, with a rich heritage of literature, music, art, and cuisine. It is also the birthplace of Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore, who is regarded as the national poet of both Bangladesh and India.
Bhutan
Bhutan is a small and landlocked country in the Himalayas that is known for its natural beauty, cultural diversity, and Gross National Happiness. It is one of the few countries that has never been colonized by any foreign power. It is a constitutional monarchy with a Buddhist majority and a strong environmental policy. It is also one of the happiest countries in the world, according to various surveys and rankings.
Some facts about Bhutan are:
It is the only country in the world that measures its progress by Gross National Happiness (GNH), which is a holistic indicator that includes economic, social, environmental, and spiritual aspects of well-being.
It is one of the most eco-friendly countries in the world, with more than 70% of its land covered by forests. It also has a negative carbon footprint, meaning that it absorbs more carbon dioxide than it emits.
It is one of the most isolated countries in the world, with no railway, no traffic lights, and no McDonald's. It also restricts the number of tourists that can visit each year to preserve its culture and environment.
It is one of the most religious countries in the world, with Buddhism as the state religion and Hinduism as the second-largest religion. It has many sacred sites, monasteries, and festivals that attract pilgrims and visitors.
It is one of the most adventurous countries in the world, with many opportunities for trekking, rafting, biking, and wildlife watching. It is also home to some of the highest peaks in the world, such as Jomolhari, Kula Kangri, and Gangkhar Puensum.
China
China is a vast and populous country in East Asia that has a long and influential history. It is one of the oldest civilizations in the world and one of the fastest-growing economies in the world. It is also a nuclear-armed superpower that has a significant role in global politics and trade. It has a complex relationship with India, ranging from cooperation to competition to conflict over various issues such as border disputes, trade imbalances, and regional influence.
Some facts about China are:
It is the most populous country in the world, with a population of about 1.4 billion people. It has 56 ethnic groups, with Han Chinese being the largest group. It also has 297 living languages, with Mandarin Chinese being the official language.
It is the third-largest country in the world by area, after Russia and Canada. It covers an area of about 9.6 million square kilometers and has 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four municipalities, and two special administrative regions (Hong Kong and Macau).
It is one of the oldest continuous civilizations in the world, dating back to at least 1600 BC. It has a rich and diverse culture that reflects its dynastic history and multiple philosophies such as Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, etc.
It is one of the largest economies in the world, with a GDP of about $14.7 trillion. It is also the largest exporter and importer of goods in the world. It has made remarkable achievements in various fields such as science, technology, education, and health.
It is one of the most diverse countries in the world in terms of geography, climate, wildlife, and cuisine. It has many natural wonders such as Mount Everest (the highest point on Earth), Yangtze River (the longest river in Asia), Taklamakan Desert (the largest desert in Asia), etc.
Maldives
Maldives is a small island nation in the Indian Ocean that is known for its tropical beauty, coral reefs, and luxury resorts. It is also one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change due to its low-lying elevation and dependence on tourism. It was once a British protectorate until it gained its independence in 1965. It is now a presidential republic with an Islamic majority and a multi-party system.
Some facts about Maldives are:
It is the smallest country in Asia by both area and population. It covers an area of about 300 square kilometers and has a population of about 540 thousand people.
It is made up of about 1,200 islands that are grouped into 26 atolls. Only about 200 islands are inhabited by the locals, while the rest are used for tourism, agriculture, or other purposes.
It is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world, attracting more than 1.5 million visitors every year. It offers a variety of activities such as diving, snorkeling, surfing, fishing, etc.
It is one of the most endangered countries in the world due to the rising sea levels caused by global warming. It has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level and could be submerged by 2100 if no action is taken.
It is one of the most Islamic countries in the world, with Islam being the official and only religion. It follows a strict interpretation of Sharia law and bans alcohol, pork, gambling, and other activities that are considered haram.
Myanmar
Myanmar is a large and diverse country in Southeast Asia that has a rich and turbulent history. It was once a part of the British Empire until it gained its independence in 1948. It then suffered from decades of military dictatorship, ethnic conflicts, and human rights violations. It started a democratic transition in 2011 but faced a military coup in 2021 that sparked widespread protests and violence.
Some facts about Myanmar are:
It is the second-largest country in Southeast Asia by area, after Indonesia. It covers an area of about 676 thousand square kilometers and has 14 states and regions.
It is one of the most ethnically diverse countries in the world, with more than 135 ethnic groups. The major groups are Bamar, Shan, Karen, Rakhine, Mon, Chin, Kachin, and Kayah. The official language is Burmese, which is spoken by about 70% of the population.
It is one of the most Buddhist countries in the world, with Buddhism being the dominant religion. About 88% of the population are Theravada Buddhists, who follow the teachings of Gautama Buddha. It has many sacred sites such as Shwedagon Pagoda, Mahamuni Buddha Temple, and Kyaiktiyo Pagoda.
It is one of the most resource-rich countries in the world, with abundant natural resources such as natural gas, oil, jade, gems, timber, etc. It is also a major producer of rice, pulses, beans, and tea.
It is one of the most isolated countries in the world, due to its political and economic sanctions imposed by many countries. It has limited access to internet, media, education, and health services. It also has one of the lowest human development indices in the world.
Nepal
Nepal is a small and landlocked country in the Himalayas that is known for its natural beauty, cultural diversity, and Mount Everest. It is also one of the oldest countries in South Asia and one of the few countries that was never colonized by any foreign power. It is a federal democratic republic with a Hindu majority and a multi-party system.
Some facts about Nepal are:
It is the only country in the world that has a triangular flag. The flag consists of two red pennants with blue borders and white emblems. The upper pennant represents the moon and the lower pennant represents the sun.
It is home to eight of the ten highest mountains in the world, including Mount Everest (the highest point on Earth), Kanchenjunga (the third-highest), Lhotse (the fourth-highest), etc.
It is one of the most culturally diverse countries in the world , with more than 120 languages spoken and more than 125 ethnic groups. The major groups are Chhetri, Brahmin, Magar, Tharu, Tamang, etc. The official language is Nepali, which is an Indo-Aryan language.
It is one of the most religiously diverse countries in the world, with Hinduism being the largest religion (about 81% of the population), followed by Buddhism (about 9%), Islam (about 4%), and others. It is also the birthplace of Gautama Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.
It is one of the most friendly and hospitable countries in the world, with a motto of "Atithi Devo Bhava" (Guest is God). It welcomes tourists and travelers with a warm smile and a traditional greeting of "Namaste" (I bow to you).
Pakistan
Pakistan is a large and populous country in South Asia that has a complex and contentious history. It was once a part of British India until it was partitioned in 1947 along with India on the basis of religion. It then became an Islamic republic with a Muslim majority and a multi-party system. It has been involved in several wars and conflicts with India, especially over the disputed territory of Kashmir. It is also a nuclear-armed state that faces challenges such as terrorism, corruption, poverty, and human rights violations.
Some facts about Pakistan are:
It is the fifth-most populous country in the world, with a population of about 220 million people. It has six major ethnic groups, namely Punjabi, Pashtun, Sindhi, Balochi, Muhajir, and Saraiki. The official languages are Urdu and English, but there are many other regional languages spoken.
It is the 33rd-largest country in the world by area, covering an area of about 881 thousand square kilometers. It has four provinces: Punjab, Sindh, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and Balochistan. It also has two autonomous territories: Gilgit-Baltistan and Azad Kashmir.
It is one of the most culturally rich countries in the world, with a legacy of various civilizations such as Indus Valley, Gandhara, Mughal, Sikh, etc. It has a diverse culture that reflects its Islamic heritage and its regional influences. It is also known for its music, art, literature, and cuisine.
It is one of the most strategically important countries in the world, due to its location at the crossroads of South Asia, Central Asia, and the Middle East. It is also a key ally of China and a major recipient of US aid. It has a powerful military that ranks among the top ten in the world.
It is one of the most scenic countries in the world , with its diverse landscapes such as mountains, valleys, rivers, lakes, deserts, forests, etc. It has many natural and historical attractions such as K2 (the second-highest mountain in the world), Hunza Valley (the valley of longevity), Lahore Fort (a UNESCO World Heritage Site), etc.
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka is a small island nation in the Indian Ocean that is known for its ancient civilization, cultural diversity, and tea industry. It was once a part of British India until it gained its independence in 1948. It then became a republic with a Sinhalese majority and a Tamil minority. It has faced a long and bloody civil war that ended in 2009. It is now a developing country that faces challenges such as reconciliation, development, and human rights.
Some facts about Sri Lanka are:
It is the 57th-largest country in the world by area, covering an area of about 65 thousand square kilometers. It has nine provinces and 25 districts. It also has two capital cities: Colombo (the commercial capital) and Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte (the administrative capital).
It is one of the most linguistically diverse countries in the world, with two official languages: Sinhala and Tamil. It also has many other languages spoken by different ethnic groups such as Moor, Malay, Burgher, etc. The most widely spoken foreign language is English.
It is one of the most religiously diverse countries in the world, with four major religions: Buddhism (about 70% of the population), Hinduism (about 13%), Islam (about 10%), and Christianity (about 7%). It is also the oldest continuously Buddhist country in the world.
It is one of the largest tea producers and exporters in the world, accounting for about 23% of the global tea production. It is also famous for its Ceylon tea, which is considered to be one of the finest teas in the world.
It is one of the most biodiverse countries in the world, with more than 20% of its land area designated as protected areas. It has a rich flora and fauna that includes more than 3,000 species of plants and more than 1,000 species of animals. It is also home to many endemic species such as the Sri Lankan elephant, the Sri Lankan leopard, and the Sri Lankan sloth bear.
Conclusion
In this article, we have provided you with a list of India's neighbouring countries with their capitals and border states, along with some interesting facts about each country. We hope that this article has helped you to enhance your general knowledge and prepare for your competitive exams. If you want to learn more about India and its neighbouring countries, you can download the GK PDF from the link given below. Thank you for reading and happy learning!
FAQs
Q1: Which country has the longest border with India?
A1: Bangladesh has the longest border with India, which is about 4,096.7 km long.
Q2: Which country has the shortest border with India?
A2: Afghanistan has the shortest border with India, which is about 106 km long.
Q3: Which country is the closest to India by sea?
A3: Sri Lanka is the closest to India by sea, with a distance of about 30 km between them at their nearest points.
Q4: Which country is the farthest from India by land?
A4: China is the farthest from India by land, with a distance of about 3,380 km between them at their farthest points.
Q5: Which country is the largest trading partner of India among its neighbouring countries?
A5: China is the largest trading partner of India among its neighbouring countries, with a bilateral trade value of about $87.6 billion in 2019-20. 44f88ac181
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